Primitive origins of prostate cancer: In vivo evidence for prostate-regenerating cells and prostate cancer-initiating cells
Abstract
Tissue stem cells have been linked to cancers of epithelial origin including the prostate. There are three relevant issues concerning stem cells and cancer that rely solely on functional studies: 1. Are there tissue-regenerating stem cells in the adult organ? 2. Can tissue-regenerating cells serve as targets for transformation? 3. Do primary tumors contain tumor-propagating (cancer stem) cells? We will review the recent literature with respect to these critical issues to provide a direct link between primitive cells and prostate cancer.
Keywords: Prostate cancer, Cancer-initiation, Stem cell, Tissue-regeneration, Castration-resistance
Abbreviations: Sca-1, Stem Cell Antigen-1, AR, Androgen Receptor, NE, neuroendocrine, K5, Keratin 5, K8, Keratin 8, UGSM, Urogenital Sinus Mesenchyme, PSA, prostate-specific antigen, PIN, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, PI3K, Phosphoinositide 3-kinase, PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homolog, CARN, castration-resistant Nkx3-1-expressing cell
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PII: S1574-7891(10)00061-X
doi:10.1016/j.molonc.2010.06.009
© 2010 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

